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How to Start a Finance Company.

Finance companies provide loans to individual and commercial customers for a variety of reasons. Commercial customers can include retail stores, small businesses or large firms. Commercial loans can help established businesses construct a new office or retail space, or they can help new business get up and running. Personal loans for individual customers can include home equity loans, student loans and auto loans. Starting a finance company requires not only a thorough understanding of your target customer's needs and a comprehensive product line, but also a solid business plan that outlines how you will make your company successful. In addition,any new finance company must comply with strict state and federal regulations and meet initial funding requirements.

Part 1 Identifying the Finance Company Business Model

1. Select a finance company specialty. Finance companies tend to specialize in the types of loans they make as well as the customers they serve. The financial, marketing, and operational requirements vary from one specialty to another. Focusing on a single business model is critical to the successful creation and operation of a new company. Private finance companies range from the local mortgage broker who specializes in refinancing or making new loans to homeowners to the factoring companies (factors) that acquire or finance account receivables for small businesses. The decision to pursue a specific finance company specialty should be based upon your interest, your experiences, and the likelihood of success.

Many finance companies are founded by former employees of existing companies. For example, former loan officers, underwriters, and broker associates create new mortgage brokerage firms specializing in a specific type of loan (commercial or residential) or working with a single lender.

Consider the business specialty that attracted you initially. Why were you attracted to the business? Does the business require substantial start-up and operating capital?

Is there an opportunity to create the same business in a new area? Will you be competing with other similar, existing businesses?

2. Confirm the business opportunity. A new finance company must be able to attract clients and produce a profit. As a consequence, it is important to research the expected market space where the business will compete. How big is the market? Who presently serves potential clients? Are prices stable? Is the market limited to a specific geographic area? How do existing companies attract and serve their customers? How do competitors differ in their approach to marketing and service features?

Identify your target market, or the specific customers you intend to serve. Explain their needs and how you intend to meet them.}}

Describe your area of specialization. For example, if your market research indicates a growing number of small start-up companies needing loans, describe how the financial products and services you offer are strong enough to gain a significant share of that market.

Consider the companies already in the competitive space. Are they similar in size or dominated by a single company? Similar market shares may indicate a slow-growing market or the companies’ inability to distinguish themselves from their competitors.

Tip: Identifying your target market will require you to identify key demographics that are currently underserved and how you plan to draw these customers away from your competitors. You should list who these customers are and how your financial products will appeal to them. Include any advantages you have over competitors.

3. Identify the business requirements. What are the likely fixed costs to operate the business - office space, equipment, utilities, salaries and wages? What business processes are necessary for day-to-day operations - marketing, loan officers, underwriters, clerks and accountants? Will potential clients visit a physical office, communicate online, or both? Will you need a financial partner such as mortgage lender or a bank?

Mortgage brokers act as intermediaries between borrowers and lenders, sometimes with discretion up to a dollar limit. Factors typically leverage their own capital by borrowing from larger financial institutions.

4. Crunch the numbers. How much capital is required to open the business? What is the expected revenue per client or transaction? What is break-even sales volume? Before risking your own and other people’s capital, you need to ensure that profitability is possible and reasonable, if not likely.{{greenbox: Tip: Develop financial projections (pro formas) for the first three years of operation to understand how the business is likely to fare in the real world. The projections should include month to month Income Statements for the first year, and quarterly statements thereafter, as well as 'projected Balance Sheets and Cash Flow Statements.

Part 2 Making a Self Assessment.

1. Identify your skills. Before starting your new company and, possibly, a new career, it is important to objectively evaluate your skills and personality to determine what steps you need to take to successfully start and manage a finance company. Do you have special training in the finance specialty? Do you understand finance and accounting? Do you work well with people? Are you a leader, who inspires others to follow them, or a manager, who can assess a problem, discern its cause, direct resources to implement a solution? Are you a good salesperson? Do you have any special abilities specifically suited to the finance industry?

2. Assess your emotional strengths and interests. Do you work best alone or with others? Do you find it easy to compromise? Are you patient or demanding with others? Do you make quick, intuitive decisions or do you prefer detailed information and careful analysis before acting? How comfortable are you with risk? Are an optimist or a pessimist? When you make a mistake, do you beat yourself up or regard it as a learning opportunity and move on?

3. Consider your experience. Have you worked in the finance industry previously? Are you monetarily and professionally successful in your present position? Do you understand marketing, accounting, legal matters, or banking? Have you been responsible for creating new markets or leading sales teams?

4. Determine your financial capacity. Do you have sufficient capital to open the finance company you envision? Do you have assets that can cover your living expenses during a start-up phase? Will your family or friends contribute to the financing of your business? Do you have access to other financial sources - personal loans, venture capital, investment funds, or financial sponsors?

Part 3 Creating a Business Plan.

1. Set up your business plan. The Business Plan serves a number of functions. It is a blueprint for building your company in the future, a guide to ensure you remain focused in your efforts, and a detailed description of your company for potential lenders and investors. Begin writing your business plan by including all of the required sections and leaving room to fill them in. The steps in this part should serve as your sections, starting with the business description.

2. Write a business description. Your business plan will layout a blueprint for your company. The first part of your business, the description, is a summary of the organization and goals of your business. Begin by justifying the need for a new financial company in the industry or target location. You should briefly identify your target market, how you plan to reach them, descriptions of your products and services, and how your company will be organized.

Tip: You should also briefly explain how there is room in the current market for your company (how it will compete against competitors). You should already have this information from your initial market research.

3. Describe the organization and management of your company. Clarify who owns the company. Specify the qualifications of your management team. Create an organizational chart. A comprehensive, well-developed organizational structure can help a financial institution be more successful.

The Chief Executive Office leads the "executive suite" of other company officers.

The Chief Operating Officer manages the activities of the lending, servicing and insurance and investment units of the company.

The Chief Administrative Officer’s responsibilities include marketing, human resources, employee training, facilities, technology and the legal department.

The Chief Financial Officer ensures that the company operates within regulatory parameters. This person also monitors the company’s financial performance.

In smaller companies, executives may fill more than one of these roles simultaneously.

4. Describe your product line. Explain the types of financial products and loans you provide. Emphasize the benefits your products offer to your target customers. Specify the need your product fills in the market.

For example, if your target customers are small business owners, describe how the financial products and investments you offer to help them run their businesses.

5. Explain how your business is financed. Determine how much money you need to start your finance company. Specify how much equity you own. State what percentage other investors own in the company. Indicate how you plan to finance your company with leverage (loans),where these loans are coming from, and how the loans will be used in the business.

In most cases, equity in the company is used primarily for the company's operations, rather than the source of loans to customers. Secondary lenders provide funds to the finance company that is subsequently loaned to customers; the customers' loans collateralize the lenders' loans to the finance company. This is because profit is made in the spread, or the difference between your cost of acquiring capital and profit from lending it out.

Any funding request should indicate how much you need, how you intend to use the money, and the terms of the loan or investment.

6. Document your marketing and sales management strategies. Your marketing strategy should explain how you plan to attract and communicate with both customers and lenders/depositors. It should also show how you plan to grow your company. The sales strategy defines how you will sell your product.

Promotional strategies include advertising, public relations and printed materials.

Business growth opportunities not only include building your staff, but also acquiring new businesses or beginning to offer different kinds of products.

The sales strategy should include information about the size of your sales force, procedures for sales calls and sales goals.

7. Include financial statements in your business plan. Reviewing the pro forma financial statements you created during your business planning, be sure that your projections are reasonable and conservative. You may also want to cautiously estimate performance over the next two years after that. Include a ratio analysis to document your understanding of financial trends over time and predict future financial performance.

Prospective financial data should provide monthly statements for the first year and annual statements for the next two years.

Standard financial ratios include Gross profit margin, ROE, Current ratio, Debt to Equity.

Ratio and trend analysis data helps you document whether you will be able to continue to serve your customers over time, how well you utilize your assets and manage your liabilities, and whether you have enough cash to meet your obligations.

Tip: Add graphs to your analysis to illustrate positive trends.

Part 4 Determining Your Business Structure.

1. Consider forming a Limited Liability Company. A Limited Liability Company (LLC) is similar to a corporation in that it protects its owners from personal liability for debts or actions incurred by the business. However, they have the tax advantages of a sole proprietorship or partnership. A corporation typically files taxes separately from the shareholders.

Be aware that corporations pay double federal income tax, meaning taxes are assessed when profit is earned, and then again when it is distributed to shareholders.

You should seek legal advice to determine the best structure for your business.

2. Name and register your business. Choose a name that represents your brand and is unique enough to obtain a website address or URL. When choosing a name, check with the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office to make sure you are not infringing on any trademarks. Also, check with you state to see if the name is already in use by another corporation.

You will have to register with your state as a corporation. The exact registration process varies by state and type of corporation you decide to form.

Since your business name is one of your most important assets, protect it by applying for trademark protection with the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.

3. Obtain a require operational licenses and permits. Financial institutions acquire these from the state in which they operate. Consult with your State Business License Office to identify the specific license and permit you need. Each state has different requirements for licensing financial institutions. You will need to specify exactly what type of financial institution you are opening, such as an investment company or a licensed lender. You will then furnish the requisite documents and pay any fees.

Due to the incredibly complex and constantly-evolving nature of the financial services industry, it is advised that finance companies hire and retain expert legal counsel to guide them through these regulations.

Note: You will also need to comply with any permit requirements surrounding your office space, like public and workplace safety regulations and operating permits.

4. Learn about regulations. The two categories of financial regulations in the United States are safety-and-soundness regulation and compliance. Safety-and-soundness regulations protect creditors from losses arising from the insolvency of financial institutions. Compliance regulations aim to protect individuals from unfair dealings or crime from the financial institutions. Financial regulations are carried out by both federal and state agencies.

Federal financial regulation agencies include the Federal Reserve System, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC), the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency, the Office of Thrift Supervision, the National Credit Union Administration and the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC).

State regulatory agencies may have additional requirements that are even more stringent than those set by the SEC.

With the help of your legal counsel, investigate reserve and initial funding requirements for your company. This will determine how much startup money you need.

5. Protect yourself from risk and liabilities with indemnity insurance. Indemnity insurance protects you and your employees should someone sue you. Financial institutions should purchase a specific kind of indemnity insurance called Errors and Omissions (E&O) insurance. This protects the financial company from claims made by clients for inadequate or negligent work. It is often required by government regulatory bodies. Remember, however, that staying in compliance with all regulatory requirements is still your responsibility.

Part 5 Setting Up Shop.

1. Obtain financing. You will need to finance your company according to your business plan, using a combination of equity and debt financing. Initial startup costs will be used for meeting reserve requirements and the building or rental of office spaces. From there, much of the company's operating capital will be lent out to customers.

Be aware of Federal and State laws regulating the private solicitation of investors. Adherence to securities laws regarding the information provided to potential investors and the qualifications of the investor will apply in most circumstances.

Sources of debt financing include loans from the government and commercial lending institutions. Money borrowed with debt financing must be paid back over a period of time, usually with interest.

The Small Business Administration (SBA) partners with banks to offer government loans to business owners. However, these loans can only be used for the purchase of equipment, not lent out to others. The SBA helps lending institutions make long-term loans by guaranteeing a portion of the loan should the business default.

Finance companies face the problem of having to raise large amounts of initial funding to be successful. They also often have to deal with a slew of other challenges before they become profitable. Without accounting properly for issues like fraud, it's very easy for a finance company to go out of business.

Note: Investors may want to provide financing in exchange for equity in the company. This is called equity financing, and it makes the investors shareholders in the company. You don’t have to repay these investors, but you do have to share profits with them.

2. Choose your location. A finance company should make a positive impression on customers. Customers looking for a loan will want to do business in a place that projects a trustworthy and sound image. Take into account the reputation of the neighborhood or of a particular building and how it will appear to customers. Also consider how customers will reach you and the proximity of your competitors. If your target customers are small local businesses, for example, they may not want to drive to a remote location or deal with heavy city traffic to meet with you.

If you are not sure, contact your local planning agency to find out if your desired location is zoned for commercial use, especially if you plan to operate out of your home.

Leasing commercial office space is expensive. Consider your finances, not only what you can afford, but also other expenses such as renovations and property taxes.

In today's connected world, it's also possible to run a finance company online, without a location for physical interaction with customers. While you'll likely still need an office for your employees, not having a retail location can save you some regulatory hassle expense.

3. Hire and retain employees. Write effective job descriptions so employees and applicants understand their role in the company and what your expectations of them are. Compile a compensation package, including required and optional fringe benefits. Compose an employee handbook that communicates company policies, compensation, schedules and standards of conduct.

Perform pre-employment background checks to make informed decisions about whom you hire. Financial planners and advisors require a specific educational background and are subject to rigorous certification requirements. Consider obtaining credit reports to show how financially responsible a candidate is.

4. Pay your taxes. Obtain an Employee Identification Number (EIN) from the IRS. This is also known as your Federal Tax Identification Number. Determine your federal and state tax obligations. State tax obligations include income taxes and employment taxes. All states also require payment of workers' compensation insurance and unemployment insurance taxes, and some also require payment of disability insurance.

5. Create loan packages for your clients. Decide if you are going to offer revolving or fixed-amount types of credit. Think about your target customers and what kinds of loans they would need. Homeowners and individuals may seek mortgages, auto loans, student loans or personal loans. Entrepreneurs may seek small business loans. Consolidated loans may help customers who are struggling to manage their finances.

Recognize that your loan offerings, rates, and terms will need to be constantly reworked with the changing loan market. Some of these items may also be subject to various regulations, so consult your legal counsel before finalizing your offerings.

6. Market your new finance company. Target your marketing efforts towards your chosen niche of clients. Marketing includes networking and advertising, but there are also other ways of letting potential customers know you have set up shop. Become a familiar face in your local business community by attending and speaking at events sponsored by the local chamber of commerce. Publish communications such as a newsletter or e-zine. Participate in social networking on sites like Facebook, LinkedIn and Twitter.

Note: In order to become successful, you'll have to attract both depositors and loan customers, so be sure to offer deals on both ends. Without attracting depositor, you will have no capital to lend out to customers.


18.28


How to Finance a Business Purchase.


Buying an existing business can be convenient in a number of ways. You're buying into a proven business model with existing customers, marketing, and products. With this framework in place, you can also begin repaying your purchase expenses immediately with the profits earned by the business. However, financing that business purchase in the first place can be just as expensive as starting a business yourself. Consider the following methods for coming up with the capital to purchase a business and choose those that best suit your needs.





Taking Out a Loan



Investigate SBA loans. The Small Business Administration (SBA) guarantees loans to small business to help them get started and expand their operations. To get started on the road towards acquiring SBA financing, visit a local bank or financial institution that provides SBA loans. The SBA loan makes it easier for you to acquire financing, as part of the loan is repaid by the SBA if you fail to make payments. Specifically, the loan program you will be looking for is the SBA Basic 7(a) loan program, which is used for acquiring or starting new businesses. To qualify for this type of loan, you must.

Own or seek to own a small business as defined by the SBA. This information can be found on their website.

Plan to operate for profit.

Plan to operate within the United States or its possessions.

Have your own assets invested in the business.

Show a need for the loan.

Not owe the US government any money.



Meet with financial institutions. Financing is also available through local lending institutions, like banks and credit unions. However, this type of lending can be very difficult to secure, particularly if you have less-than-stellar credit or if there are not significant personal or business assets that can be used as collateral. To qualify for a traditional bank loan, you will need demonstrable management experience, strong existing cash flows, experience in the industry, and a high personal credit score. It may also be easier for you to obtain a loan if you have an existing, strong relationship with the bank providing the loan.

If you are a woman, veteran, or minority, banks may have special lending programs that you can qualify for.



Assess the collateral you can provide. Your collateral is the assets, either yours or the business's, that you can provide as insurance in case you default on your loan. For some business loans, these may need to be worth as much as 50 to 70 percent of the loan value. When providing collateral for the banks to use, you can include any of the following:

Equity in your own home.

Assets owned by the business, like accounts receivable and inventory.

A personal guarantee. This essentially means that, in the event of a default, you are personally liable to repay a certain amount of the loan value.

Most lenders, including the SBA, require a personal guarantee for a loan in addition to any collateral pledged. This is because they would prefer avoiding have to take possession of the collateral and go through the subsequent sale.



Get pre-qualified for several loans. Before finalizing the purchase of the business, you will need one or several letters of pre-qualification for loans. This means going through the loan process with each lender and getting the go-ahead from them to purchase the business. You can then show the letters to the seller and finalize the purchase, at which point you will need to actually take out one of the loans that you are pre-qualified for.

Getting pre-qualified for several loans is advantageous in case the lending requirements change between your pre-qualification and the close of the sale.

You will need to be pre-qualified for more than the purchase price of the business. You should also include about 90 days of working capital (money used to keep the business functioning, like utilities and inventory purchasing money). You can work with the current owner to assess how much is needed.



Consider alternative loan options. There are many other sources of loans available to finance the initial purchase of a business. For some people, there may be an opportunity to borrow money from friends or family. However, bear in mind that this may damage your relationship with that person if things go south. Some other options you can consider include:

Peer-to-peer (P2P) financing. Online lending markets like LendingClub.com and Prosper.com allow you to borrow small amounts (generally less than $25,000) from other people. However, rates on these sites are typically higher than what a bank or the SBA could offer you.

Microloans. Microloans are for smaller amounts that traditional business loans (usually less than $50,000) and have shorter durations (under six years). Check with the SBA or a microlending specialist to investigate your options.







Financing the Purchase With Your Own Assets.



Use your own savings. The easiest and cheapest way to finance your own business is with your own personal savings. This includes any savings accounts, CDs, investment accounts, or other liquid accounts you hold. By using the money from these accounts to finance your personal, you can avoid having to work with partners, investors, or lenders when running your business. However, it is rare that an individual has enough money in these accounts to purchase a business.



Sell any valuable assets you currently own. Another way to raise money is to sell off valuable assets that you own. Parcels of land, non-essential vehicles, and boats can all be sold to raise this type of money.



Borrow against your home equity. You can borrow against the value of your home using a second mortgage or a home equity line of credit (HELOC). However, this requires having enough equity in your home in the first place. More importantly, it also introduces the risk that, in the event of the business's default, your house may be foreclosed upon by the lender. Consider the risks and try every other options available to you before pursuing this type of financing.



Avoid purchasing the business with your retirement savings. While it is possible to roll your IRA or 401(k) savings balances into a business venture without taking a tax hit, doing so is incredibly risky. If your business fails to perform as expected, you could lose all of the money you have saved for retirement. Personal finance experts recommend against using this as a method of business financing.







Bringing On Investors or Partners.



Consider finding a partner or several of them. A partner is someone who provides some initial purchase money for the business in exchange for an ownership share. Your partner will likely want to be involved in the business in some way, so make sure to only take on a partner that you can work well with. And being personally close with someone doesn't make them a good partner; sometimes a trusted or knowledgable co-worker or acquaintance can make a better partner than a friend or family member.

In addition, make sure to draw up a legal contract that clarifies the terms of the partnership. This agreement should list how disputes are settled, how major decisions are made, and exactly how profits are divided.



Work with a silent partner. A silent partner is one that contributes capital to the business, but has no say in its operations. However, many silent partners eventually want to have a say in how the business is run. Again, to ensure that this relationship works as planned, draw up a partnership agreement that specifies the terms of your partnership in detail.



Bring on angel investors. An angel investor is a wealthy private investor who gives start-up capital to new businesses and new business owners in exchange for equity in that business. Businesses with angel investors benefits from the angel investor's industry expertise, business contacts, and financial resources. Locating angel investors, however, can be difficult. You'll have to locate a high net worth individual who shares your passion for the business you are buying and its industry. Then, you'll have to convince them of your own management skill and your ability to give them a good return on their money.

Angel Investors can be located by visiting the Angel Capital Association's website.



Engage in equity crowdfunding. Equity crowdfunding, which involves selling small stakes in your business to a large number of small investors, is a relative newcomer in the world of business financing. While equity crowdfunding has been around for years, operating through sites like SeedInvest, it has recently become tightly regulated by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Equity crowdfunding can be an effective way to raise money, but only with the proper guidance, as following SEC guidelines can be complicated.







Getting Seller Financing



Consider the benefits and drawbacks of seller financing. Seller financing, also called owner financing, is a purchase arrangement in which you repay the sale price of the business directly to its previous owner over several years. For the buyer, this provides some flexibility in repaying the loan, such as negotiating a longer repayment period, a temporary reprieve from payments, or reducing the price in exchange for letting the owner keep some equity in the business. However, this type of arrangement is typically more expensive, with the owner charging a higher interest rate than the bank would charge.

Ideally, the buyer should negotiate an arrangement where all or a portion of the loan financed by the seller may be contingent upon the profits reached and payable over a limited term. This protects the buyer in case profits are not as high as expected.

Obtaining seller financing may give you more power in negotiating down the price of the business.

Doing so also gives the seller reason to help you out more in running and managing the business.[



Ask the seller if they would consider seller financing. Start by asking the seller directly if they would consider seller financing. It may help if you explain to them that this will result in their getting more money over time, as they get to keep the interest on your loan (rather than the bank keeping it). If they agree, you can begin negotiating a contract.

If possible, avoid securing the seller with assets purchased. This gives you a cushion if additional financing is needed to get the business is running smoothly.



Negotiate a contract. Work with the seller to form the terms of sale. Start by offering to make a down payment with what you can gather on your own, say 10 to 20 percent of the sale price. Try to offer as large of a down payment as you can afford; this will only help you and save you money in the long run. Then discuss a repayment period and interest rate. Try to negotiate a longer repayment period and lower interest rate to make sure that you can afford the payments.

You may be able to agree on a large, balloon payment in a number of years. This will reduce your monthly payments. Then, you can get a bank loan or use your savings to cover the balloon payment.

Alternately, where a C corporation is involved in the purchase, issuing preferred stock may be a better option than debt for the buyer when repaying the balloon payment.



Have a lawyer review the contract. Ideally, you should have an attorney that specializes in business contracts draw up the contract. However, you can also have one review the contract to ensure that your interests are represented and that there are no surprises waiting for you in the wording of the contract. You may also want to have an accountant review the financials of the deal to make sure everything checks out.

The lawyer, and possibly an accountant, should confirm the validity of the financial statements, specifically the identity, value and location of assets and liabilities.



Finalize the deal. Once you've been assured that the contract is right for both you and the seller, close the deal and take control of the business. With seller financing, you'll likely be able to convince the previous owner to help you out with getting started as the manager of your new business.
00.33


How to Finance a Franchise.

A franchise is a business for which a person is licensed by a large company to operate under its name. As a franchise licensee, you operate a business and, in some cases, a brick-and-mortar location. Even without a physical storefront, starting a franchise requires a fair amount of money. There are several ways to finance a franchise. In addition to using your savings and leveraging your existing assets, there are loans and grants available from many sources. You may need to utilize more than one of the following methods to raise enough capital to start your business.

Part 1 Arranging Financing with the Franchisor.

1. Find out what financing your franchisor offers. The place most franchise licensees will start looking for financing is with the franchisor company itself. Many offer loans through their own finance companies or third party financiers they have business relationships with. This will often cover a significant portion of your startup costs.

Franchisors may also have agreements already set up with companies that can lease you some of the equipment you need to get the franchise up and running.

Each franchise has it's own package in terms of what it will offer new franchise licensees. Check into what your company offers.

This information may be available online or in other documents provided with your franchise application, or you may need to request it.

2. Look into down-payment and collateral requirements. Franchisors will require you to demonstrate that you have some collateral that will allow them to recoup their money, should your franchise fail. Many also require that you put up a down-payment of money that you have NOT borrowed from other sources.

McDonalds, for example, typically requires new franchise licensees to pay 25% of the costs of a franchise out of pocket, in cash. This ensures that franchises only go to people who have the necessary resources to make payments.

3. Apply for financing. Complete the necessary forms to apply for financing from the franchisor. Again, these will vary based on the company. Information about how to apply for financing may be included in the Franchise Disclosure Statement, or you may need to request it from the company.

The Franchise Disclosure Statement is a document you will receive from the company if your franchise application is approved. It spells out in minute detail the specifics of the franchise agreement. It is mandated by the Federal Trade Commission that all franchisors provide this document to licensees.

Like any other loan application, you will be expected to provide information about your assets, financial history, and net worth.

Part 2 Securing Outside Financing.

1. Apply for a bank loan. Another option consider for financing your new franchise is a standard small business loan from a bank. Especially if you have a good credit rating and are opening a franchise with a positive reputation, banks may be willing to offer you some starting capital.

Typically bank loans of this sort will require you to put up some kind of collateral, such as your home or any stocks or bonds you might own. They will also often want you to pay for as much as 20% of the cost of starting the franchise from your own money, to be certain you are capable of covering major business costs.

These loans usually require you to have already established a relationship with a banker.

2. Apply for an SBA loan. If your bank won't provide you with a loan, you may be able to secure a loan through the US Small Business Administration. These loans are disbursed by banks and credit unions, but are guaranteed against default by the federal government.

SBA loan 7(a) is available to franchise licensees opening any business on the SBA's franchise registry.

You can borrow between a couple hundred thousand and a few million dollars through the SBA. These loans typically have a five-year maturity period, so they work well for startup costs, but not longer-term expenses.

The International Franchise Association provides a directory on their website of vendors that administer SBA loans. The process of applying for an SBA loan, however, is a highly complicated one. Thus, it is usually recommended that applicants secure assistance from an accountant. If you don't have an accountant, your franchisor may be able to suggest someone.

3. Apply for a finance company loan. A recent development in the world of franchise financing is the online loan portal. These are websites that match franchise licensees with private creditors.

Two of the biggest online loan portals are Boefly and Franchise America Finance.

Some franchisors have have relationships with these companies. Ask your franchisor if they subscribe to any of these website.

4. Find investors or business partners. Another option for financing is look for a business partner to share the cost (and profits) of your new franchise. Many franchise licensees also turn to friends or family to borrow money or ask them to invest in the business.

Several small loans from friends or family members, to whom you promise to pay some mutually agreeable interest rate or equity in the business, can go far to cover the costs of starting a new franchise.

Equity means that your investors will be entitled to a share of the profits from the business and have a certain measure of control over its operations (depending on your agreement with them).

However, equity does not have to be repaid (unlike a loan).

You can also advertise in the local press seeking an investor or business partner. However, advertising for investors can be tricky, due to securities laws regulating the solicitation of public investors. Hire a financial lawyer to make sure you are staying on the right side of the law.

Be sure to draw up a formal agreement about the terms of the investment (i.e. how much they are investing, what interest rate you will pay, and over what period you will pay back the loan). This is especially important if you have investors who you don't know well.

Obtaining investment in this way will require accepting investments under the Securities and Exchange Commission's (SEC) Regulation D and the creation of official offering documents that detail the investment in a specific format.

If you are using Regulation D, be sure to hire a financial attorney to guide you through the process. Otherwise, you open yourself up to financial and criminal penalties resulting from violations of SEC regulations.

Part 3 Using Your Own Assets.

1. Use savings and other assets. Most franchise licensees end up covering at least a portion of the startup costs from their own resources. An obvious place to start is with your own cash savings.

Don't go overboard on this. A good rule of thumb is not to invest more than 75 percent of your cash reserves. That way, if an unexpected expense comes up, you have some money to cover it.

2. Borrow against your home. Many people starting a new business will borrow money based on the value of their home to get the business started. Money borrowed on the value of your home is tax-free. There are two ways to do this.

You can get a line of credit based on the value of your home. This is known as a home equity line of credit (HELOC) and is best for when you are unsure of how much money you will need, as the line of credit structure allows you to borrow as needed.

You can take out a second mortgage on the house. This will provide you with a set amount of money that must be repaid as a regular mortgage would.

Be warned that with either of these options, if you find yourself unable to make payments on the money borrowed, you could lose your home.

3. Use your retirement fund. Another common approach to self-financing is to use funds in your retirement account.[16] IRAs and 401(k) plans can be withdrawn from to finance all or part of a franchise business. However, there may be significant fees and taxes involved, depending on the plan type.

If you withdraw these funds as cash, you'll lose a significant chunk in taxes. There may be ways to avoid doing so, but you should seek professional legal and tax help when attempting them due to the complexity and possible negative consequences.

Taking funds out a traditional IRA or 401(k) before the age of 59.5 will result in a 10 percent penalty being assess on the withdrawal. This is in addition to the income taxes assessed on the withdrawal.

So, if you withdraw $100,000 and you are in the 25 percent marginal tax bracket, you would pay a total of 35 percent ($35,000) on your withdrawal, leaving you with only $65,000 for your business.

Withdrawals from a Roth IRA, however, are tax and penalty-free, provided they consist of contributions that have been in the account longer than five years.

Be warned, however, that if your new business fails, your retirement funds will be wiped out.

Part 4 Refinancing Your Franchise.

1.Decide when to refinance. Refinancing is taking on a new loan which pays off any old loans you already have. Most commonly, this is done to reduce interest payments, but could also be an opportunity to borrow additional funds and consolidate that loan with existing ones. You should consider refinancing if.

You can get a loan at a better interest rate.

You want to consolidate multiple loans into a single payment.

You want to change from and adjustable to fixed rate of interest, or vice versa.

You need more capital to update equipment, make improvements, or open an additional location.

2. Look into refinancing options. It is a good idea to frequently look for loans that will offer more favorable terms than the one(s) you already have. This can significantly reduce your interest payments and free up capital for other uses.

Once you've been in business for a while, you may become a more attractive customer to banks and other financiers. This is because over time, you demonstrate your ability to successfully run your franchise. This makes you a less risky investment. That, in turn, can lead to offers with better rates.

Check with your bank, and re-examine the option of an SBA loan, as this is often the least costly option for people who can get one.

3. Weigh the fees against the savings. Refinancing isn't free. There are usually fees, such as closing costs, involved in refinancing any loan.

There may be other penalties as well, based on the details of your old loan.

The question to ask is whether the savings outweigh the fees, time, and effort that go into refinancing. You may find that you can refinance and save a thousand dollars over the life of the loan. You'll need to decide if that's worth the time and effort. Your answer might be very different if you could save ten thousand dollars.

4. Update your business plan. Before applying for a new loan, update your business plan to reflect the current state of your business and your goals for the future. Your new business plan should include.

Strengths and weaknesses of your business.

Major milestones or accomplishments.

Expertise you have developed in running the franchise.

Goals for the next two to five years.

Two years of tax returns.

The payment schedule of your current loan.

5. Apply for a new a loan and pay off the old one. Fill out an application for the new loan. When you receive the funds, pay off the old loan.

Typically, the bank will handle the payoff for you. They will pay off your old loan, and billing will come from the new loan company from then on.

You may be able to refinance with a lender you already have loans from. This can save time and effort and sometimes mean less fees.

Tips.

Be sure to have any investment agreements reviewed by a legal professional prior to accepting money from investors, especially if they are people you don't know well.

Warnings.

It is not advisable to invest money set aside for specific important purposes (such as your children's college fund) in your franchise. As confident as you may be in its success, businesses fail every day. If that happens, there will be no way to recover your money.

Never use money from new investors to pay previous investors. Doing so could inadvertently turn your legitimate attempt to finance a franchise into an illegal investment scheme.
18.30


How to Choose Business Financing.

Every business needs funding for a variety of reasons, including startup, operations, equipment and project completion. Finance for business is a complex subject that must be approached from a variety of angles. There are many business financing options, some of which may or may not be right for your particular needs. In order to evaluate your situation and determine which finance avenues to pursue, there is a variety of factors to consider. Follow these guidelines to choose business financing.

Method 1 Arranging for a Loan.

1. Compare loans with other types of financing. Loans are a type of debt financing. This means that you have to pay the money back, plus interest. Loans are typically offered by banks, credit unions or other financial institutions. Businesses that typically qualify for loans have a strong business plan, favorable business credit rating and a fair amount of equity capital.

Equity capital is the current market value of everything the company owns less any liabilities owed by the company.

Lenders are sometimes hesitant to give loans to companies without a lot of equity capital. Without equity capital, businesses don't have much collateral to put up for a loan. Also, revenues earned by the business will go toward repaying the debt instead of growing the business.

2. Get a line of credit from a bank. A line of credit is different from a typical loan in that it doesn't give you a lump sum of cash. Rather, like a credit card, you withdraw from the available credit any time you need it. You only withdraw as much as you need. This gives you control over the amount of interest expense you will have to pay. A line of credit can help you control your cash flow as your expenses or income ebb and flow.

To qualify for a line of credit, be prepared to submit financial statements, personal tax returns, business tax returns, bank account information and business registration documents.

Annual reviews are required to maintain your line of credit.

3. Obtain a business loan from a bank. A business loan is like any other kind of term loan. Business loans come with fixed interest rates. You make monthly payments over a period of years until the loan is paid off. Unlike a line of credit, a term loan gives you a lump sum of cash up front. Businesses who are expanding their space or funding other large investments can benefit from a term business loan.

Before making a loan, lenders want to know what the loan is for and how you will spend the money. Be prepared to demonstrate that the loan is for a sound financial purpose.

Different lenders require different documents. In general, be prepared to produce: your personal and business credit history; personal and business financial statements for existing and startup businesses; projected financial statements; a strong, detailed business plan; cash flow projections for at least a year; and personal guaranties from all principal owners of the business.

Large banks tend to avoid working with small businesses. They don't want to do all of the work to underwrite a small loan that won't make a large profit for them.

Local banks with whom you already have done business or credit unions may be more willing to work with small businesses.

4. Apply for a commercial loan. A commercial loan is similar to a home equity loan. It is for businesses that own commercial real estate. You borrow against the equity you have in the commercial real estate you own. The amount you can borrow depends on the value of your property and how much equity you have.

Commercial loans are not backed by government entities like Fannie Mae, so lenders see these loans as risky. Therefore, they tend to charge higher interest rates for them. Also lenders scrutinize the business more closely as well as the real estate that will serve as collateral for the loan.

5. Request a Small Business Association (SBA) loan. These loans are given by participating banks and are guaranteed by the SBA. They are for businesses that might have trouble getting a traditional bank loan. The SBA guarantees a portion of your loan to repay if you default on your payments. Find a bank that works with SBA loans by visiting www.sba.gov/lenders-top-100. Use the application checklist (www.sba.gov/content/sba-loan-application-checklist) to make sure you have all of the necessary documentation.

SBA loans for starting and expanding a business include the Basic 7(a) Loan Program, the Certified Development Company (CDC) 504 Loan Program and the Microloan Program.

SBA also offers disaster assistance loans for businesses in a declared disaster area and economic injury loans for businesses that have suffered a physical or agricultural production disaster.

Export assistance loans help exporters obtain financing to support exporting activities or to compete if they have been adversely affected by competition from imports.

Veteran and military community loans help businesses meet expenses when an essential employee has been called up on active duty.

Other special purpose loans include CAPlines, which help businesses purchase capital equipment, pollution control loans for pollution control facilities, and the U.S. Community Adjustment And Investment Program (CAIP), for businesses that have been adversely affected by the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).

6. Work with state and local economic development agencies. Economic development agencies exist in every state and in some local municipalities. They provide low-interest loans to businesses that might not qualify for traditional bank loans. In addition to financial services, these agencies provide startup advice, training, business location selection assistance and employee recruitment and training assistance. You can find the economic development agency in your state by visiting www.sba.gov/content/economic-development-agencies. You can also contact your city or county government office to find out about their economic development programs.

Each agency has its own application process. However many require the same basic documentation. Gather the following information.

A loan application form that details why you are applying for the loan and how you will use the money.

Your resume gives lenders information about your expertise in the field.

All lenders will require a sound business plan. For help with writing your business plan, visit www.sba.gov/writing-business-plan.

Your business credit report gives lenders information about your credit worthiness.

Be prepared to submit your business and personal tax returns for the past three years.

Prepare historical financial statements, including your balance sheet, income statement, cash flow statement and bank statements. You may also be asked to submit projected financial statements.

Be able to demonstrate your business' current financial position with accounts receivable and accounts payable information.

You may need to put up collateral, especially if you cannot provide strong financial statements.

Gather important legal documents, including your business license, articles of incorporation, third party contracts, franchise agreements and commercial leases.

7. Consider online lending. Online lending services include Kabbage and OnDeck. These loans are for businesses who want small, short-term loans. Businesses turn to these lenders to handle short-term cash flow shortfalls. The application process is quick, and most applicants can complete the application in an hour. If approved, you get the money within days.

Be aware that you will pay for the convenience of the fast processing time. These loans are expensive. A typical loan from an online source costs about the same as taking a cash advance from your credit card. The average interest rate on one of these loans can be as much as twice that of a traditional bank loan.

Method 2 Applying for Grants.

1. Compare grants with debt financing. Like a loan, a grant is typically a one-time infusion of cash. Unlike a loan, however, you do not have to pay back the money. You can think of a grant as free money. But it can be trickier to qualify for a grant than for a loan. Typically, grants are awarded to businesses that meet special criteria. For example, non-profits, minority- or women-owned businesses and those that perform highly-technical research and development activities often qualify for grant money.

2. Find out if you qualify for federal grant money. The federal government does not give grants for starting or growing a small business. Some businesses do receive federal grant money if they are involved in something related to a policy initiative. For example, the Small Business Administration (SBA) can sometimes make grants to non-profits for education and training. Also, federal grants sometimes fund medical research, science, education and highly-technical research and development activities.

SBA grants for non-profits are announced on grants.gov.

Businesses qualifying for specific initiative grants authorized by Congress will be notified.

U.S. government's Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) program and its Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR) programs offer grants for high-tech research and development. You can find out about these grants at SBIR.gov.

3. Find state and local grants. State and local governments sometimes offer grants to specific kinds of businesses. For example, some states offer grants for expanding child care facilities. Other initiatives for which you may find state grants include developing energy-efficient technology and creating marketing for tourism. You usually are required to match funds if you receive one of these grants. Also, the grants are typically small, so you may have to seek other forms of financing, such as a loan.

4. Apply for grants for women- or minority-owned businesses. Most states offer grants for women- or minority-owned businesses. Also, federal agencies assist women and minorities to find funding to start or expand their businesses. Finally, private funding sources are available for women- and minority-owned businesses.

Go to the business section of your state's website to find available grants. Here you will also find information about any incentives or programs your state has available for your business.

Visit the Minority Business Development Agency (MBDA) at mbda.gov. This agency is run by the U.S. Department of Commerce, and it helps minorities and women to establish and expand their businesses. Here you can research grants and find links to state funding for your business.

Private companies that fund grants for women-owned businesses include Huggies, Chase Google, InnovateHER, Fedex, Idea Cafe, the Woman Veteran Entrepreneur Corp (WVEC), Walmart and Zion's Bank.

Private companies that offer grants for minority-owned businesses include Fedex, the National Association for the Self Employed (NASE), Miller Lite and Huggies.[15]

Method 3 Finding Investors.

1. Compare investments with other types of financing. Investments are similar to grants in that they do not have to be paid back. However, they are different from grants in that the investor contributes to the company in exchange for shares, or partial ownership, of the company. This is called equity financing. Companies who choose to find investors are typically young companies that cannot qualify for other types of financing.

2. Find venture capital investments. Venture capital is perfect for businesses that cannot qualify for traditional financing either because of their small size, early stage of development or lack of equity capital. Venture capital funds invest cash in exchange for shares in your business and an active role in running the business. These investors target young, high-growth companies. This is typically a long-term commitment that gives young companies time to grow into profitable businesses.

Find venture capital funds through the Small Business Investment Program (SBIC). This program is administered by the SBA. It licenses private funds as SBICs and links them to businesses seeking equity financing. You can find the list of licensed funds by state at www.sba.gov/content/sbic-directory.

Each venture fund is a private company with its own application process. In general, the fund begins by reviewing your business plan. Then it does due diligence on your business to evaluate the worth of the investment. If the fund decides to invest, it will take an active role in running the business with you. As your company meets milestones, more financing may be available. Venture funds typically exit the investment after four to six years via mergers, acquisitions or Initial Public Offerings (IPOs).

3. Seek an angel investor. Angel investors are high-net-worth individuals who seek lucrative investments in young, high-growth businesses. These investors may be doctors, lawyers or former entrepreneurs. The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) has established specific criteria for accrediting angel investors.

According to the SEC, angel investors must have a net worth of at least $1 million and make $200,000 a year (or $300,000 a year jointly with a spouse).

Angel investors give you money in exchange for shares in your company. This exchange must be registered with the SEC.

Find angel investors through networking with your local Chamber of Commerce or Small Business Development Center. Also, a trusted lawyer or accountant may be able to link you to an angel investor.

Find angel investors online at the Angel Capital Association (ACA), AngelList and MicroVentures.

4. Ask friends and family. You may have friends or family members who are willing to invest in your business. Be very careful about making this choice. Unless they are already wealthy, sophisticated investors, they may not understand the risk involved. If your business fails, you cannot easily shut it down and walk away if friends and family are partial owners. Before accepting their money, make sure they understand how easily it can be lost.
03.29


How to Choose Business Financing.

Every business needs funding for a variety of reasons, including startup, operations, equipment and project completion. Finance for business is a complex subject that must be approached from a variety of angles. There are many business financing options, some of which may or may not be right for your particular needs. In order to evaluate your situation and determine which finance avenues to pursue, there is a variety of factors to consider. Follow these guidelines to choose business financing.



Method 1 Arranging for a Loan.

1. Compare loans with other types of financing. Loans are a type of debt financing. This means that you have to pay the money back, plus interest. Loans are typically offered by banks, credit unions or other financial institutions. Businesses that typically qualify for loans have a strong business plan, favorable business credit rating and a fair amount of equity capital.

Equity capital is the current market value of everything the company owns less any liabilities owed by the company.

Lenders are sometimes hesitant to give loans to companies without a lot of equity capital. Without equity capital, businesses don't have much collateral to put up for a loan. Also, revenues earned by the business will go toward repaying the debt instead of growing the business.

2. Get a line of credit from a bank. A line of credit is different from a typical loan in that it doesn't give you a lump sum of cash. Rather, like a credit card, you withdraw from the available credit any time you need it. You only withdraw as much as you need. This gives you control over the amount of interest expense you will have to pay. A line of credit can help you control your cash flow as your expenses or income ebb and flow.

To qualify for a line of credit, be prepared to submit financial statements, personal tax returns, business tax returns, bank account information and business registration documents.

Annual reviews are required to maintain your line of credit.

3. Obtain a business loan from a bank. A business loan is like any other kind of term loan. Business loans come with fixed interest rates. You make monthly payments over a period of years until the loan is paid off. Unlike a line of credit, a term loan gives you a lump sum of cash up front. Businesses who are expanding their space or funding other large investments can benefit from a term business loan.

Before making a loan, lenders want to know what the loan is for and how you will spend the money. Be prepared to demonstrate that the loan is for a sound financial purpose.

Different lenders require different documents. In general, be prepared to produce: your personal and business credit history; personal and business financial statements for existing and startup businesses; projected financial statements; a strong, detailed business plan; cash flow projections for at least a year; and personal guaranties from all principal owners of the business.

Large banks tend to avoid working with small businesses. They don't want to do all of the work to underwrite a small loan that won't make a large profit for them.

Local banks with whom you already have done business or credit unions may be more willing to work with small businesses.

4. Apply for a commercial loan. A commercial loan is similar to a home equity loan. It is for businesses that own commercial real estate. You borrow against the equity you have in the commercial real estate you own. The amount you can borrow depends on the value of your property and how much equity you have.

Commercial loans are not backed by government entities like Fannie Mae, so lenders see these loans as risky. Therefore, they tend to charge higher interest rates for them. Also lenders scrutinize the business more closely as well as the real estate that will serve as collateral for the loan.

5. Request a Small Business Association (SBA) loan. These loans are given by participating banks and are guaranteed by the SBA. They are for businesses that might have trouble getting a traditional bank loan. The SBA guarantees a portion of your loan to repay if you default on your payments. Find a bank that works with SBA loans by visiting www.sba.gov/lenders-top-100. Use the application checklist (www.sba.gov/content/sba-loan-application-checklist) to make sure you have all of the necessary documentation.

SBA loans for starting and expanding a business include the Basic 7(a) Loan Program, the Certified Development Company (CDC) 504 Loan Program and the Microloan Program.

SBA also offers disaster assistance loans for businesses in a declared disaster area and economic injury loans for businesses that have suffered a physical or agricultural production disaster.

Export assistance loans help exporters obtain financing to support exporting activities or to compete if they have been adversely affected by competition from imports.

Veteran and military community loans help businesses meet expenses when an essential employee has been called up on active duty.

Other special purpose loans include CAPlines, which help businesses purchase capital equipment, pollution control loans for pollution control facilities, and the U.S. Community Adjustment And Investment Program (CAIP), for businesses that have been adversely affected by the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).

6. Work with state and local economic development agencies. Economic development agencies exist in every state and in some local municipalities. They provide low-interest loans to businesses that might not qualify for traditional bank loans. In addition to financial services, these agencies provide startup advice, training, business location selection assistance and employee recruitment and training assistance. You can find the economic development agency in your state by visiting www.sba.gov/content/economic-development-agencies. You can also contact your city or county government office to find out about their economic development programs.

Each agency has its own application process. However many require the same basic documentation. Gather the following information.

A loan application form that details why you are applying for the loan and how you will use the money.

Your resume gives lenders information about your expertise in the field.

All lenders will require a sound business plan. For help with writing your business plan, visit www.sba.gov/writing-business-plan.

Your business credit report gives lenders information about your credit worthiness.

Be prepared to submit your business and personal tax returns for the past three years.

Prepare historical financial statements, including your balance sheet, income statement, cash flow statement and bank statements. You may also be asked to submit projected financial statements.

Be able to demonstrate your business' current financial position with accounts receivable and accounts payable information.

You may need to put up collateral, especially if you cannot provide strong financial statements.

Gather important legal documents, including your business license, articles of incorporation, third party contracts, franchise agreements and commercial leases.

7. Consider online lending. Online lending services include Kabbage and OnDeck. These loans are for businesses who want small, short-term loans. Businesses turn to these lenders to handle short-term cash flow shortfalls. The application process is quick, and most applicants can complete the application in an hour. If approved, you get the money within days.

Be aware that you will pay for the convenience of the fast processing time. These loans are expensive. A typical loan from an online source costs about the same as taking a cash advance from your credit card. The average interest rate on one of these loans can be as much as twice that of a traditional bank loan.



Method 2 Applying for Grants.

1. Compare grants with debt financing. Like a loan, a grant is typically a one-time infusion of cash. Unlike a loan, however, you do not have to pay back the money. You can think of a grant as free money. But it can be trickier to qualify for a grant than for a loan. Typically, grants are awarded to businesses that meet special criteria. For example, non-profits, minority- or women-owned businesses and those that perform highly-technical research and development activities often qualify for grant money.

2. Find out if you qualify for federal grant money. The federal government does not give grants for starting or growing a small business. Some businesses do receive federal grant money if they are involved in something related to a policy initiative. For example, the Small Business Administration (SBA) can sometimes make grants to non-profits for education and training. Also, federal grants sometimes fund medical research, science, education and highly-technical research and development activities.

SBA grants for non-profits are announced on grants.gov.

Businesses qualifying for specific initiative grants authorized by Congress will be notified.

U.S. government's Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) program and its Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR) programs offer grants for high-tech research and development. You can find out about these grants at SBIR.gov.

3. Find state and local grants. State and local governments sometimes offer grants to specific kinds of businesses. For example, some states offer grants for expanding child care facilities. Other initiatives for which you may find state grants include developing energy-efficient technology and creating marketing for tourism. You usually are required to match funds if you receive one of these grants. Also, the grants are typically small, so you may have to seek other forms of financing, such as a loan.

4. Apply for grants for women- or minority-owned businesses. Most states offer grants for women- or minority-owned businesses. Also, federal agencies assist women and minorities to find funding to start or expand their businesses. Finally, private funding sources are available for women- and minority-owned businesses.

Go to the business section of your state's website to find available grants. Here you will also find information about any incentives or programs your state has available for your business.

Visit the Minority Business Development Agency (MBDA) at mbda.gov. This agency is run by the U.S. Department of Commerce, and it helps minorities and women to establish and expand their businesses. Here you can research grants and find links to state funding for your business.

Private companies that fund grants for women-owned businesses include Huggies, Chase Google, InnovateHER, Fedex, Idea Cafe, the Woman Veteran Entrepreneur Corp (WVEC), Walmart and Zion's Bank.

Private companies that offer grants for minority-owned businesses include Fedex, the National Association for the Self Employed (NASE), Miller Lite and Huggies.



Method 3 Finding Investors.

1. Compare investments with other types of financing. Investments are similar to grants in that they do not have to be paid back. However, they are different from grants in that the investor contributes to the company in exchange for shares, or partial ownership, of the company. This is called equity financing. Companies who choose to find investors are typically young companies that cannot qualify for other types of financing.

2. Find venture capital investments. Venture capital is perfect for businesses that cannot qualify for traditional financing either because of their small size, early stage of development or lack of equity capital. Venture capital funds invest cash in exchange for shares in your business and an active role in running the business. These investors target young, high-growth companies. This is typically a long-term commitment that gives young companies time to grow into profitable businesses.

Find venture capital funds through the Small Business Investment Program (SBIC). This program is administered by the SBA. It licenses private funds as SBICs and links them to businesses seeking equity financing. You can find the list of licensed funds by state at www.sba.gov/content/sbic-directory.

Each venture fund is a private company with its own application process. In general, the fund begins by reviewing your business plan. Then it does due diligence on your business to evaluate the worth of the investment. If the fund decides to invest, it will take an active role in running the business with you. As your company meets milestones, more financing may be available. Venture funds typically exit the investment after four to six years via mergers, acquisitions or Initial Public Offerings (IPOs).

3. Seek an angel investor. Angel investors are high-net-worth individuals who seek lucrative investments in young, high-growth businesses. These investors may be doctors, lawyers or former entrepreneurs. The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) has established specific criteria for accrediting angel investors.

According to the SEC, angel investors must have a net worth of at least $1 million and make $200,000 a year (or $300,000 a year jointly with a spouse).

Angel investors give you money in exchange for shares in your company. This exchange must be registered with the SEC.

Find angel investors through networking with your local Chamber of Commerce or Small Business Development Center. Also, a trusted lawyer or accountant may be able to link you to an angel investor.

Find angel investors online at the Angel Capital Association (ACA), AngelList and MicroVentures.

4. Ask friends and family. You may have friends or family members who are willing to invest in your business. Be very careful about making this choice. Unless they are already wealthy, sophisticated investors, they may not understand the risk involved. If your business fails, you cannot easily shut it down and walk away if friends and family are partial owners. Before accepting their money, make sure they understand how easily it can be lost.
02.37

FAQ College acceptance for students with dyslex

THE BEST AND WORST COLLEGES FOR DYSLEXIA – Dyslexic Advantage

There is no single ‘best’ college for dyslexia, but rather colleges that may make better (or worse) fits for an individual student. Do you have personal experience with a college as a dyslexic student? If so, please take this brief survey and we’ll share the results here. You can also send your reviews of colleges by email. All sources will be confidential on this site. Graduates were in the past 5 years unless otherwise specified.

We are compiling resources from people we have spoken to, web, and text-based resources that included interviews of dyslexic students who attended college. Books we recommend include Dyslexia at College, The Human Side of Dyslexia, and Colleges That Change Lives. Also the list of colleges that don’t require an SAT or ACT can be found at Fair Test.

College-Bound Students: Once you are enrolled in college, don’t forget to apply here for the Dyslexic Advantage Karina Eide Memorial Scholarship! Only dyslexic students are eligible and there is no minimum GPA! Here is the start of a very partial list. We will be adding more specific information as it comes in. These are statements about individuals from students. They do not reflect any statements by Dyslexic Advantage, the organization. Are you a current college student or graduated in the past 5 years?  If you’ve filled out this college survey, we’ll gif you with a 1 year subscription to our Premium magazine!

ALABAMA
Auburn University – Center for Special Services “I owe a lot to the Center for Special Services…my professors were supportive.” Books on tape, reader, Dragon dictation, note taker, extended time.

ARIZONA
University of Arizona – SALT CENTER – Strategic Alternative Learning Techniques Center

ARKANSAS
University of the Ozarks – Jones Learning Center “My coordinator and tutor were my lifeline..” Taped textbooks, help in math, reading, writing, copies of lecture notes, private test taking. Dictated papers to tutor. Helped with flashcards

AUSTRALIA
MacQuire University Accessibility    (Math and Human Resources) BEST: free learning support, good test-taking accommodations, “for exams and tests 1hr plus long you can get good provisions.” WORST: teachers resist providing accommodations, “it most depends who you get as your learning support staff, that makes its easier or hard to get approval. also, anything under 30mins good luck getting help. and some subject stuff dont understand what Dyslexic is even is. meaning less like to help you.”

Swinburne University of Technology AccessAbility Services  (Bachelor of Computer Science majoring in Cybersecurity) Victoria. BEST : Free Learning Support Services, Faculty Accessible and Supportive, small classes, peer mentors, helpful disability resource, good test taking accommodations. WORST: Audio resources are late or difficult to acquire. TIPS: No matter what the work is, do it as soon as you get it. Never leave it till the last second and always ask for help when you get stuck. Peers will help you heaps if you need it! You can help them too!

Tafe Ultimo Disability and Accessibility  (Community Services) BEST: free learning support, good system for asking for accommodations, good accessibility – audio available in a timely fashion, good test taking accommodations, dyslexia-friendly, helpful office, peer mentors, small classes, faculty are accessible and supportive. The TAFE have a tremendous amount of support and reasonable adjustment possibilities because my dyslexia is now legally classified by the NSW State Government as a neurological disability. I didn’t know this support was available until I enquired with the Tafe career counsellor who is a psychologist. She helped me tremendously and referred me through their process and my fees are waivered. They have offered so much support right down to getting me an ergonomic chair if I need it. And their kind, reassuring attitude and acknowledgement of my dyslexia challenges has been amazing. TIPS: Make an appointment with the career counsellor to discuss what courses and support are suitable for your dyslexia.

CALIFORNIA
Butte College – Disabled Student Programs   BEST: Free learning support services. Many trade school options that do not require English 101 or algebra. WORST: Difficult process for asking for accommodations, teachers resist providing accommodations, audio resources are late or difficult to acquire, no visible dyslexia programs on campus. TIPS: Don’t go. Keep looking. It’s not worth the aggravation to fight for accommodations and understanding

Chico State University – Accessibility Resource Center  (Mathematics) BEST: Good system to ask for accommodations, good test-taking accommodations, dyslexia-friendly, faculty are accessible and supportive. WORST: Teachers resist providing accommodations. I had more than two teachers try to deny me accommodations. TIPS: Know your rights!

Cal State Long Beach  (Film) BEST: free learning support, good system to ask for accommodations, good accessibility – audio available in a timely fashion, good test taking accommodations, dyslexia-friendly, helpful disability office, peer mentors, faculty are accessible and supportive. TIPS: Start with Steven Benson dyslexic department. Maintain a current IEP PRIOR TO APPLICATION

Holy Names University Disability Support  (Educational Therapy) BEST: free learning support, good system to ask for accommodations, good accessibility – audio available in a timely fashion, good test taking accommodations, dyslexia-friendly, helpful office, small classes, faculty are accessible and supportive. WORST: No visible dyslexia programs on campus, negative culture for learning differences. “I mark ‘negative culture’ as some staff members are working toward gaining knowledge of ADA. That said, this learning community is very diverse and inclusive. TIPS: Be proactive in asking for the support you need. Make friends with the librarians; they can be your strongest advocates.

Mills College Support Services  Oakland. . (Biology) BEST: good test-taking accommodations, faculty are accessible and supportive, small classes, dyslexia-friendly environment.

Monterey Institute of International Studies “I took all my papers to the Writing Center to be edited. My writing improved.” Tape recorder, oral testing, skimming reading, visual presentations.

Palomar College Disability Resource Center   (Visual Arts AA)  BEST: free learning support, good system to ask for accommodations, helpful resource office, good test-taking accommodations. WORST: no visible dyslexia programs on campus, teachers resist providing accommodations, “There is no dyslexic focused teaching methods incorporated in the general education classes. If you are particularly struggling they don’t know what to do to help you. You can have all the time you want, but if you’re not getting it you’re just out of luck.” TIPS: “You’re going to need a private tutor that specializes in dyslexia for the subject/s that are your most difficult.”

Pitzer College – Academic Support Services “Mine was the last year without a math requirement.” Didn’t use the Learning Center on a regular basis. If poor grades, spoke to professor or went to the learning center. After failing statistics 2x, successfully petitioned to have a statistics waiver to graduate.

San Francisco State University – Disability Resource Center

Stanford University- Schwab Learning Center  – There have been recent upheavals in the Schwab Learning Center due to department changes. We will update you if we have any new information from current students.

University of California – Berkeley – Disabled Students’ Program Berkeley Extension: Occasionally I’d get a bad teacher who said they didn’t believe in accommodations like extra time, but the DSP backed me up and I was ever prevented from getting what I needed.

University of Santa Cruz  Disability Resource Center Once I tell teachers, they’re understanding.  Note taking, tape recorder, assistance with writing, and computer for personal use. Dyslexia support group (newsletter and events)

University of Southern California (USC) Korschak Center

University of the Pacific – Services for Students with Disabilities Stockton, CA   (Music Major) BEST: Good test-taking accommodations WORST: Negative culture for learning differences. “I would pick a different college, the culture is not conducive for visual or alternate learners”

CANADA
University of Manitoba Accessibility Winnipeg, Manitoba.  (Law). BEST: Good test taking accommodations, dyslexia-friendly environment, helpful resource office, faculty are accessible and supportive, good accessibility – audio available in a timely fashion, good system to ask for accommodations, free learning support. WORST: no visible dyslexia programs on campus. TIPS: Very supportive university.

University of Toronto – Accessibility Services  (Arts & Sciences) WORST: Difficult process for asking for accommodations, teachers resist providing accommodations, audio resources are late or difficult to acquire, hard to obtain regular test-taking accommodations, no visible dyslexia programs on campus, negative culture for learning differences. ADVICE: “Accessibility is a horror show for dyslexics. Worse than awful exam accommodations and rules; zero differentiation for learners with different learning styles; less than ZERO support for students who are gifted but do not read and write in normative ways; horrible communication with students’ one hour per week drop in hours for services; even the equity studies and women’s studies profs who should know better are s— on access issues; 6 week wait MINIMUM for assistive tech in start of program – most crucial time to have supports; OVERLOAD with assessment and no action on accomodation as if assessment itself is the job of accessilbity services; punitive behavior of disability counsellors when students miss a deadline; refusal of exam accommodations even if prof is late with posting exam schedule; scribes known to students (totally inappropriate); scribes switching off half way through test or exam; scribe demanding student indicate punctuation or would not scribe (totally different part of the brain); university uses volunteer notetakers even though the ministry of education provides funding to pay them; if no notetakers volunteer to take notes the student goes without; notetakers can hand write notes which can’t be read by text to speech software; there is no library of audio or pdf’d textbooks or readers so each student needs to have materials scanned each time fresh and WAIT up to six weeks putting them at a distinct disadvantage. Open book exams are not accessible to students who do not read and write in normative ways; cheat sheets for exams are not accessible for students who do not read and write in normative ways and yet are marked. It is basically a s— show unless you fit a tiny, narrow definition of what is disabled. The lack of imagination is ASTOUNDING at the #1 university in Canada. Worse than useless. ADVICE: DO NOT DO IT.

COLORADO
Pikes Community College Accessibility Services  (Pre-engineering) BEST: Good system to ask for accommodations, good test taking accommodations WORST: No visible dyslexia programs on campus, no learning support or only expensive learning support program.

Rocky Mountain College of Art + Design “Didn’t need accommodations for all my classes because this is art school. The disability person was friendly and helpful. The typography class had assignments with hand-drawn fonts, but I have fine motor issues and a little tremor. It wasn’t a huge deal, but it was helpful that she contacted the teacher separately.”

CONNECTICUT
Central Connecticut State University Disability Services –  (History)
BEST: small classes. WORST: Not much understanding about the problem. No visible dyslexia program on campus.

University of Connecticut – Center for Students with Disabilities

Yale University Resource Office on Disabilities

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA (DC)
American University  (Masters Anthropology) BEST: small classes, good accessibility , free learning support. “AU has a focus on diversity and this includes learning disabilities. Most professors were accommodating and pleased to do so. As an older student, I had the financial resources and knowledge to come prepared with online reader programs (learning ally, audible, natural reader, vBookz, etc.) On a rare occasion, readings were not available in PDF form or audible book form, and in those incidences, keeping up was difficult. Overall, it was a supportive environment.” WORST: there is no disability resource office, audio resources are late or difficult to acquire, difficult process for asking for accommodations. “To my knowledge, AU did not have a specific dyslexia resource office, but did have learning disability office. I find that as a dyslexic student, many schools often lump all needs into “disabled” without resources for individual needs. Additionally, access to online PDF readers and audible books were available after many “hoops”, but still available. It would be easier if those were available readily to all students, regardless of diagnosis and paperwork.”

FLORIDA
Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University- Disability Support  (Aerospace Engineering) BEST: Good system to ask for accommodations, audio available in a timely fashion, good test-taking accommodations, dyslexia-friendly environment, helpful office, small classes, faculty are accessible and supportive. Students with accommodations get priority for registering for classes. Good counselling services available if you are stressed, with a therapy dog on duty in the counselling center. Students with accommodations get free tutoring if needed.” TIPS: The professors are very helpful, so take advantage of their office hours to get extra help from them if you need it.

Florida Southern College – Student Disability Services (Elementary Education) BEST: Free learning support, good system to ask for accommodations, audio available in a timely fashion, good test-taking accommodations, dyslexia-friendly, helpful office, peer mentors, small classes, faculty are accessible and supportive. “FSC has an elementary school on campus (Roberts Academy) for dyslexic students grades 2-6 (adding 7 and 8 in the next two school years). It’s an Orton-Gillingham school!. All pre-service teachers spend a considerable amount of time in the classrooms at Roberts getting full exposure to dyslexia, what it is, what it isn’t, what works, what doesn’t work etc. Every subject is taught in a multi-sensory way. All teachers at Roberts have their Masters degrees and are level II OG trained. Pre-Service teachers at FSC also have the opportunity to take Orton-Gillingham classes that the college offers. They bring in an instructor from OG to teach the course. The first half of the course takes place during the first semester, the second half during the second semester. My DD has had many lightbulb moments at both Robert’s Academy and during the OG courses that she has taken. She wonders why these methods are not taught across the board in all schools. It just makes so much sense to her. (She never received any OG reading intervention during her K-12 education)” TIPS: 1. Visit the campus you are considering 2. Sit in on some classes in the course work of the degree you are considering pursuing 3. Talk to current students in those classes/degree with known learning disabilities about the course work, professors, and learning services support and get a feel for how well the learning institute supports LD students.

Full Sail University – Services for Students with Disabilities  (Masters, Instructional Design) WORST: No visible dyslexia program on campus. In many ways the FSU program was very engaging. However, this program is one class in four weeks for 12 months. The pace is very fast for digesting content. For an adult training program, the program ignored how to train adults with learning disabilities. Considering the writing component of the courses feedback from professors was typically relevant, but a large percent of grades relied on peer reflection/feedback. Often peers posted sloppy discussion posts that were difficult to give feedback on. Additionally, reflection posts included responding to peers projects. Often peers rushed through the reflection and didn’t provide constructive feedback; yet this was an important component for the course grade. I’m a 45 year old mother of a 4 and 12 year old and was a high school history teacher for 14 years. The writing process tends to be slow for me and trying to respond to posts was challenging at times. After 6 months into the program I was drained as a writer and my head was mush. Exhaustion and stress lead to anxiety and that downward spiral Dyslexics can struggle with. TIPS: Take breaks every couple of months especially if you have other obligations like family or employment. Tell every professor you have you’re dyslexic and speak to your strengths and weaknesses as a student. I’m not sure if that will make a difference for some professors, but Dyslexics need to start educating those in academic positions. Even though I was considered a Highly Qualified Teacher, I taught for 14 years before I realized I’m dyslexic. The majority of educators need to be educated on teaching dyslexics.

Stetson University Disability Resources  (English) BEST: good system to ask for accommodations, good accessibility – audio available in a trimly fashion, good test taking accommodations, helpful office, small classes, faculty are accessible and supportive. WORST: No visible dyslexia programs on campus TIPS: Get help early and don’t be afraid to ask for more if you need it. Let your professors know too as most will be happy to help you out.

University of Miami – Office of Disability Services Alumni (attended in the late 60’s): An international university with vast diversity, where high academic standards are expected but individuality is paramount

University of Tampa Disability Services  Alumni – graduated more than 5 years ago). (Government and World Affairs and Communications). BEST: good system to ask for accommodations, dyslexia-friendly, helpful resource office, small classes, faculty are accessible and supportive. “When I attend University of Tampa, my accommodation were granted as long as my file was updated to date illustrating that I am dyslexic. When taking test, I had quite room, and I had unlimited amount of extended time to take my test. I was chosen to be my class speaker of the December 2007. You had to apply by writing your speech and tell the University why you should be class speaker. I was the first dyslexic and epileptic class speaker at University of Tampa.” WORST: “The most difficult was the cost of re-certificating myself as a dyslexic. Those test are $1500 dollars. That is a lot of money. You have to do those test every 3-5 years. I am not going to stop being dyslexic. That would be great, if I became amazing writing, but that not going to happen. I had to borrow that money. What if someone who is dyslexic does not have the money? Then what? They lose their accommodation? That needs to change in general in the college system.” TIPS: “Go to a University with small classes. When I went to University of Tampa thhe average class was 15 people. I believe it is 20-25 now, which is still small. When you have small classes you become close to your professors. I am still friends some of my professors. Go visit the disabilities office, I love that UT disability office is called the Academic Center of Excellent. It gave me positive feeling when going to talk about my services. Especially after being under the umbrella of special ed all your life. It very negative for a dyslexic person.”

IDAHO
Idaho State University – Disability Services  (Journalism & Sports Management) BEST: Free learning support, good system to ask for accommodations, audio available in a timely fashion, good test-taking accommodations, helpful office, small classes, faculty are accessible and supportive. “The disability services office blew our socks off with how helpful they were. More than just complying with the law, they go above and beyond including 1:1 help with TTS software, offers of free use of technology just to try it out, help with role playing with professors, frequent contact in the summer before freshman year to build relationships, and a “got your back” attitude. This office is why we chose this university. To sweeten the pot, it is very inexpensive for both tuition and housing and is located in a beautiful spot close to the Tetons.”

ILLINOIS
Southern Illinois University – Edwardsville   (Psychology). BEST: free learning support services. Helpful office. WORST: teachers resist providing accommodations, hard to obtain regular test-taking accommodations, negative culture for learning differences, difficult process for asking for accommodations TIPS: “on’t. the teachers do not understand the what “learning difference” means and all classes are taught in an analytic, sequential way. you will be treated as a burden on the same level as a student with any serious impairment.”

INDIANA
Hanover College  (Business & Economics  > 5 years ago) BEST: free learning support, good system to ask for accommodations, good test taking accommodations, peer mentors, small classes, faculty are accessible and supportive. Strong support in liberal arts environment. Excellent free learning center. Fully accommodated my nephew. Professors very available and supportive. WORST: There is no disability resource office. TIPS: Apply with request for accommodations. Meet with admissions & Learning Center teams.

Indiana State University – Center for Student Success  Free tutoring, mentoring, advising. Works with Disability Student Services. “Indiana had a strong LD program…Help was always there in college.” Personal tutor after sports practice. Extra time on tests, tape recorder for lectures, preparation tests to study before a test, and a reader who was a grad student who also paraphrased to check for understanding

University of Notre Dame Disability Services  (Neuroscience and Art History) BEST: free learning support, good system to ask for accommodations, good accessibility – audio available in timely fashion, good test taking accommodations, dyslexia-friendly, helpful office, peer mentors, small classes, faculty are accessible and supportive TIPS: It is great!

IOWA
Iowa State University – Student Disability Resources  (Elementary Education) BEST: Free learning support, good system to ask for accommodations, audio available in a timely fashion, good test-taking accommodations, dyslexia-friendly, helpful office, peer mentors, faculty are accessible and supportive WORST: The only problem I had was with one adviser in the school of education not understanding what dyslexia is. TIPS: “Look for a school that is going to work with you. When you go on college visits go to the disability office and see what the atmosphere is and what accommodation they have.”

Loras College Lynch Learning Center  (Sports Management & PR > 5 years ago) BEST: free learning support, good system to ask for accommodations, good test taking accommodations, dyslexia-friendly, helpful office, faculty are accessible and supportive. TIPS: Utilize the system they gave to you, Norte Dame even asked Loras for help with their program.

University of Iowa –UI Reach and Student Disabilities Service

IRELAND
University of Limerick Disability Services
(Technology Education)
BEST: good test taking accommodations, faculty are accessible and supportive.
WORST: difficult process for asking for accommodations, teachers resist providing accommodations, no visible dyslexia programs on campus. Don’t try Learning like everyone else, own your dyslexia because only you can truly understand your mind

KANSAS
University of Kansas Student Access Services (Psychology – alumni > 5 years ago) BEST: None. WORST: No visible dyslexia program on campus. TIPS: Seek assistance right from the start.

LOUISIANA
Nicolls State University – Student Access Center  (History) BEST: Good system to ask for accommodations, audio available in a timely fashion, good test-taking accommodations, dyslexia-friendly, good offices, faculty accessible and supportive

MASSACHUSETTS
Boston University – Disability Services “I surrounded myself with classmates who were willing to help explain the questions…sadly there are many ‘old style’ professors who don’t believe in learning difference.”

Calvin College – Center for Student Success  (Social Work) BEST: Free learning support services, good system to ask for accommodations, audio available in a timely fashion, good test taking accommodations, dyslexia-friendly, helpful office, small classes, faculty are accessible and supportive TIPS: “Go see SAS and they will match you with an advisor specifically for your Dyslexia.”

Curry College – Disability Services : (Environmental Sciences, but they discontinued the major) BEST: Good system to ask for accommodations, good accessibility – audio available in a timely fashion, helpful office, small classes. WORST: No learning support or only expensive learning support, no visible dyslexia programs on campus. We paid for my disability services….an extra $10,000 per year…is this legal? But while they were nice, it was just a glorified place to get organized. This was supposed to be a school at the top of disability services…but they were not. I got all my help and tutoring from the free resources available to all kids. TIPS: Just look for good services….all colleges have them these days so you don’t have to pay extra.

Harvard University – University Disability Services Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Student Disability Services “I’ve known at least a dozen MIT grads who have been out for some years now. They all have said that MIT was a good school for dyslexics.”

Williams College – Disability Support Services Worcester Polytechnic Institute Disability Support  (Civil Engineering) BEST: free learning support, good system to ask for accommodations, good accessibility – audio available in a timely fashion, helpful office, peer mentors, faculty are accessible and supportive. Echo360 records the class for those with accommodations to be able to review on their computers. Allows lectures to be recorded when Echo360 not available in that classroom. TIPS: Register with the Office of Disability Services before enrolling. Have weekly meeting with staff to check in. Don’t be afraid to ask Professors for help. They really care and want you to succeed!

Worcester Polytechnic Institute Disability Services  (Civil Engineering) Free learning support, good system to ask for accommodations, good accessibility – audio available in timely fashion, good test taking accommodations, dyslexia-friendly, helpful resource office, faculty are accessible and supportive, small classes, peer mentors. Echo 360 films class for replay by dyslexic students. Also audio recording, teacher’s notes, professors are eager to help. TIPS: Embrace your differences and seek accommodations. Don’t be shy. They want to help. Also SAT is not required.

MICHIGAN
University of Michigan -Services for Students with Disabilities “The Center for Student with Disabilities gave me lots of ideas including asking for extended time on tests and testing in a quiet room without distractions.” Taping lectures, reduced course load.

MINNESOTA
University of Minnesota Disability Resources Center  (Plant Science & Food Systems) BEST: Free learning support, good system to ask for accommodations, good test-taking accommodations, dyslexia-friendly environment, helpful office, faculty are accessible and supportive WORST: Audio resources are late or difficult to acquire ADVICE: “The U of M is a wonderful school for dyslexic students. This university is very supportive of students with dyslexia and many of the professors understand what it is and that students are not “faking it”.

MISSOURI
Westminster College Learning Differences (Security / Political Science / Finance) BEST: Good system to ask for accommodations, good accessibility – audio available in timely fashion, good test taking accommodations, dyslexia-friendly, helpful office, faculty are accessible and supportive, small classes. The Learning Support is excellent and well-worth the added fee. The Learning Support team advise, tutor, teach classes on learning skills and strategies, help with writing, acquire audiobooks and materials etc, work with professors if needed, provide quiet test-taking. My son has made the Dean’s List with a 3.7. I don’t think this would be possible without the support and skills provided to him by this team of professionals TIPS: I wish they had more technology available for students–like Read Write Gold or something like that.

NEVADA
University of Southern Nevada   (Culinary Arts Hospitality) BEST: free learning support, good system to ask for accommodations, good test taking accommodations, helpful office, small classes, faculty are accessible and supportive. Excellent note providing services. Email within 24 hours always! TIPS: Go to the disability office wayyyyy before starting school there.

NEW YORK
Concordia College New York – Connection Program Bronxville, NY. BEST: Good test-taking accommodations. WORST: No learning support or expensive program, difficult process for asking for accommodations, teachers resist accommodations, audio resources are late or difficult to acquire, no visible dyslexia programs on campus, negative culture for learning differences.

Cornell University Student Disability Services  BEST: Good system to ask for accommodations, good accessibility – audio available in a timely fashion, good test taking accommodations, dyslexia-friendly, helpful office, faculty accessible and supportive. TIPS: Disability Office staff are top notch

Hudson Valley Community College Center for Access  (Individual Studies) BEST: Free learning support services, good system to ask for accommodations, good test taking accommodations, faculty are accessible and supportive. This program is not the best for providing students accessibility options, but they are not the worst either. I’d say they are just average. I’ve attended other schools and most of the others have provided more assertive technology options to their students, but again they could be worse. There are enough supports on campus between those provided through the Accessibility office as well as the general supports offered through the departments and the library, etc. WORST: No visible dyslexia programs on campus. Usually there is at least one or more teachers that don’t seem thrilled about having to accommodate students. Also, sometimes I have to miss parts of my classes to use my accommodations for testing. TIPS: Good time management skills are a must; Advocating for your needs is a must; Disclosing and using your accommodations consistently will be tremendously helpful;

Marymount Manhattan College – Disability Services  (Fashion Design) WORST:Only expensive learning support program, difficult process for asking for accommodations, teachers resit providing accommodations, audio resources are late or difficult to acquire, hard to obtain regular test-taking accommodations, no visible dyslexia programs on campus, negative culture for learning differences. TIPS: “Observe or talk to Learning Specialist. Ask them if they use any form of UDL or assistive technology.”

New York University Moses Center  (Nutrition) BEST: free learning support services. WORST: Difficult process for asking for accommodations, audio resources are late or difficult to acquire, hard to obtain regular test-taking accommodations, no visible dyslexia programs on campus. Test taking rooms can have 12 other people in them which is very distracting. Computers available to use for exams in the testing center do not work well. Some computers will crash while your in the middle of an exam.

Sarah Lawrence University – Office of Disability Services  (Creative Writing, Film, Ancient History) BEST: Free learning support, good system to ask for accommodations, good test taking accommodations, dyslexia-friendly, helpful office, small classes, faculty are accessible and supportive. Many of the classes are visually oriented. For example, many history classes utilize film and art as a basis for historical evidence. Creativity is the key to SLC. Creativity is promoted as part of critical thinking and analysis. Classes are mainly seminar based and small and you meet with the professor on a bi-weekly basis to discuss and develop an individual project (conference work) for the class in addition to the work common to everyone. This allows one to follow their passions within the class content and develop close a working relationship with your professors. Every semester you take three 5 credit classes, each with an individual conference project. Prior to registering for classes, every student interviews the professors teaching the class that they are interested in. In the interview, one can determine how that professor teaches, how are students assessed (ie not many classes have tests, but some do), how much reading is involved, how much writing, etc. TIPS: Talk to the professors openly, keeping communications flowing.

State University at Buffalo – Equity, Diversity, Inclusion  (Dance and Business) BEST: Free learning support services, good system to ask for accommodations, good test-taking accommodations, faculty are accessible and supportive. WORST: Audio resources are late or difficult to acquire. PDF files for textbooks, need to send in information in at the end of the prior semester to receive accommodations for the next semester in order to get books in a timely manner. Even after doing so don’t receive books during the first week of classes. Only receive PDF files after sending a reminder and often a week or two into the semester, four weeks at the latest. Once receive files, accommodations are very good and work well. Have had a problem with text center and professor not sending tests in on time. Make sure to have verbal or written confirmation that you can take exams early if original exam time is when the test center is closed. TIPS: Don’t be afraid to send reminders and/or have meetings to get the accommodations you need. If youre confused ask, because won’t always be very direct in how to do things. Know the hours of the test center when making exam requests and be as specific as possible.

Syracuse University Office of Disability Services

BEST: Good system to ask for accommodations.
“The Learning Center has improved, but sometimes I don’t get the tapes until the week before the test.” Most professors are supportive. Some have made special exams for me. Extended time, reader for exams books on tape, taped lectures, tutoring, note taker, computer for exams, typed written assignments. Counselor. Consultant helps with writing.

NORTH CAROLINA
Guilford College – Accessibility Resource Center  (Psychology, alumni 15+ years ago) BEST: good system to ask for accommodations, audio available in a timely fashion, good test taking accommodations, dyslexia-friendly, helpful office, peer mentors, small classes, faculty are accessible and supportive. Everything about the program was good. TIPS: Get help as soon as you get there Be sure you have been tested and identified before you go.

OHIO
Stark State College Disability Support  (Massage Therapy, switched to Dental Assisting) North Canton OH. BEST: Free learning support, small classes, A lot of the courses are more hands-on and less reading-only. WORST: Difficult process for asking for accommodations, teachers resist providing accommodations, audio resources are late or difficult to acquire, there is no disability resource office, hard to obtain regular test-taking accommodations, no visible dyslexia programs on campus. Another dyslexic girl in my class was the object of our teacher’s adamant dislike, mostly for being dyslexic and therefore not doing so well at the right/left part of our course. The teacher treated her like she was stupid, and I found the teachers in the dental assisting course tended towards condescending behaviors like that towards students with learning differences. However, other courses and classes were very open and friendly to learning differences, so it seems more teacher-specific than an overall problem. TIPS: Don’t go into Dental Assisting or another very strict program. They have a lack of empathy and help for dyslexic students. Massage Therapy and many other programs, however, are awesome for dyslexic students. Try to get a feel for whichever program you’re looking into.

Sinclair College Accessibility Services  (Architectural Technology). BEST: Free learning support, good system to ask for accommodations, good accessibility – audio available in a timely fashion, good test-taking accommodations, dyslexia-friendly environment,  helpful disability resource office, small classes, faculty are accessible and support. Sinclair has an effective disability services program and the faculty are quite willing to provide the needed accommodations. This is a great school to go to if you want to succeed in college! TIPS: Sinclair welcomes people with disabilities of all types and has an effective program for providing needed accommodations. The keys to success are to go to class, do the homework, and study for the exams. The faculty and staff are willing to help when the student does their part.

Muskingum University – Disability Education Office   (Special Education & History – Alumni graduated 7 yrs ago) BEST: Good system to ask for accommodations, good test-taking accommodations, dyslexia-friendly, helpful office, small classes, faculty are accessible and supportive. Content tutors, not peer tutors. WORST: There was a large cost for the most comprehensive service but there were different levels. TIPS: Make sure you are studying.

OREGON
Mount Hood Community College Disability Services
(Elementary Education)
BEST: free learning support services, good test taking accommodations.
WORST: Difficult process for asking for accommodations, hard to obtain regular test-taking accommodations, no visible dyslexia programs on campus, negative culture for learning differences.
TIPS: Don’t be afraid to ask for help. Great advisors and teachers WANT to see you succeed. Be confident in who you are!

Southern Oregon University – Disability Resources (Technical Theatre) BEST: Free learning support, good system to ask for accommodations, audio available in a timely fashion, good test-taking accommodations, dyslexia-friendly, helpful office, peer mentors, small classes, faculty are accessible and supportive “The UCam program is great. Doesn’t cost too much, and I get a weekly appointment with a learning coach. Much of what I need is done automatically (I get an email reminder, but accommodations are super easy to access). It’s also a public school, so very affordable.”

University of Oregon Accessible Education Center (Architecture major) WORST: Difficult process for asking for accommodations, teachers resist accommodations, Audio resources are late or difficult to acquire, negative culture for learning differences. Reduced course load – one class at a time worked for me. Approached professors independently, not involving Student Services. Extended time on tests. Test taking in their office. Essays instead of multiple choice. Project-related exams. Computer courses substituted for math and language requirements. Test files at my fraternity were very helpful.

PENNYSYLVANIA
Millersville University Office of Learning Services  (Music Major) BEST: Are learning support, good system to ask for accommodations, good test-taking accommodations, dyslexia-friendly, helpful office, peer mentors, small classes, faculty are accessible and supportive, preferential housing  based on student request. WORST: No visible dyslexia programs on campus TIPS: “Speak openly to your counselors and the Student Service Center support staff and they are happy to help.”

Pennsylvania College of Technology  (IT)
BEST: Faculty are accessible and supportive, small classes, good test taking accommodations, audio available in a timely fashion, good system to ask for accommodations, free learning support. The disability service office is amazing and the schools policy for helping students with disabilities is very accommodating. They will provide all your text books in a PDF format after purchase, so you can have the computer read it to you. The library has computers with Kurzweil (an advanced PDF/ webpage reading Software) for use to anyone. They will allow you to take extra time on your tests and have a computer with Kurzweil on it available if you want the tests read to you. Disability services will do everything they can to help you get through this tough time in life. WORST: Most of the teachers’ teaching style makes it difficult for a dyslexic student to learn. But there are also many teachers who teach in a way that is it easyer for everyone to learn. The disability service office is small and often has a hard time keeping up with the amout of students they need to serve. TIPS: Get the disability accommodations process started before you start school, it will take longer once the school year starts. Schedule your tests/ meetings in advance.

University of Pittsburgh Disability Resources 100% extended time on exams, word processor for tests, audio record lectures.

RHODE ISLAND
Brown University Learning Support Specialist “It’s possible to graduate Brown with no distribution requirements. There’s also a credit / no credit grading option…” “I look for courses that do project work instead of tests.” “I’m glad I spoke to the Dean of Students who helps LD students.” Headphones in computer center.

Roger Williams University – Student Accessibility Services 9/10 STARS (Mechanical Engineering) BEST: Free learning support services, good system to ask for accommodations, good test taking accommodations, helpful office, small classes, faculty are accessible and supportive WORST: No visible dyslexia programs on campus TIPS: “Be willing to work hard. Be prepared to be your own advocate. Be respectful when seeking accommodations from professors. Become proficient in technology.”

SOUTH CAROLINA
Clemson Student Accessibility  Graphic Communications Alum (> 5 years) BEST: Free learning support, Good testing taking accommodations, dyslexia-friendly, helpful disability resource center, peer mentors, small classes, faculty are accessible and supportive. Sign up for classes first so you get better times and teachers you feel are best. They used to let you take sign language if your major required a foreign language.

Coastal Carolina Accessibility and Disability  Communication BEST: free learning support, good system to ask for accommodations, good accessibility – audio available in a timely fashion, dyslexia-friendly, helpful office, peer mentors, small classes, faculty accessible and supportive. TIPS: Get to know your professors and the staff at the accessibility/disability office. Making connections will help you learn now and they will always look out for you.

SWEDEN
Umea University Disability  (Human Computer Interaction) BEST: Free learning support, good system to ask for accommodations, audio available in a timely fashion, good test-taking accommodations, dyslexia-friendly, helpful office, peer mentors, faculty are accessible and supportive. It was a huge list for leaning disabilities and other disabilities that they gave me to see and the responsible person helped me to choose WORST: The facilities e.g. computers for text to speech and speech to text etc were only in Swedish. Probably they can make an English version for the international students. TIPS: Go for it and do not hesitate to discuss your disability and ask for help

TEXAS

El Paso Community College   (Ed in Admin K12) BEST: free learning support, good test taking accommodations, helpful resource office, “Professors do not do anything to address needs of students in class. Students are expected to take remedial classes in area of disability, instead of college giving more support in required classes. This only lengthens the time and expense of college degree. This is disheartening, and leads to students dropping out of college.” WORST: No visible dyslexia programs on campus.

Saint Edwards University Student Disability Service.  (Computer Sciences) BEST: good accessibility, small classes, helpful office, dyslexia-friendly environment, good test taking accommodations, good system to ask for accommodations, free learning support. WORST: no visible dyslexia program.  TIPS: “Have your accommodations clearly defined, meet with disability staff regularly, talk to your teachers in advance, and explain how you learn. What works, and what does not work. Ask for help if you need it.

Southern Methodist University – Altschuler Learning Enhancement Center “Thankfully someone awarded me a mentor…” Talked about book or paper – my mentor helped organize my thoughts. No foreign language requirement.

Texas A & M Office of Academic Enhancement    (Biomedical Sciences) BEST: good system to ask for accommodations, test-taking accommodations, helpful office TIPS:”Go and visit your 504 disability center the first week of school. They will help you set up everything you need.”Extra time on tests. Tests in the testing center away from others, covered overlays if requested.

Texas A & M Dental School – Accommodations through Office of Academic Enhancement  (graduated in the past 5 years) – Endodontics BEST: small classes WORST: No learning support. Only expensive learning support program. Teachers resist providing accommodations. Audio resources are late or difficult to acquire. They were very hesitant to give accommodations. Teachers did not know what to do. Several instances with teachers violating rights to confidentiality. TIPS: Do not let them put you down. Stand up and demand respect and accommodations.

Texas State Technical College Disability Services  (Business  – more than 5 years ago) BEST: Free learning support, good system to ask for accommodations, good test taking accommodations, dyslexia-friendly, helpful office, peer mentors, small classes, faculty accessible and supportive. WORST: Understaffed! Shortage of housing due to Baylor University nearby. TIPS: Dont wait – get the enrollment package and career flyer.

UNITED KINGDOM
Coombeshead College / Academy BEST: Small classes. WORST: No visible dyslexia programs on campus. They should put up a notice of symptoms and give a free assessment.

Leeds College of Art   (MA Creative Practice) WORST: No learning support or only expensive support system. “The college where unable / unwilling to give me the support I needed. I got caught in a nightmare situation with the government willing to pay. But the college unwilling to allow a dyselixa specialist on the campus. I was not comfortable meeting in a cafe. My personal tutor was good in as much she helped me with spelling and over looked my poor grammar. But that was very much down to her.” TIPS: “Don’t find another college, I heard from students who’s personal tutors did not turn up for tutorials”

Stourbridge College Student Support  -West Midlands. . BEST: Free learning support services, small classes. The motor vehicle tutor is brilliant and work from work books and he makes learning fun and visual. WORST: No visible dyslexia programs on campus. There is no disability resources office. My son had to re sit his GCSEs maths last year. At first the kids had to go in and register and had no teacher then were sent home with a work book to teach themselves. My son didn’t get an echp but a plan was written out by the council on how best to support him. The tuition after that was patchy, When he took his maths exam he was sent out without being allowed extra time and when I questioned it the college lied and told me he had gone to the wrong room. I took this matter further to the principal . this year he has been taught no maths which I have questioned and the college said they don’t do this on a level 2 qualification only at the end of the term have they decided that in the summer they want these low ability students to cram and sit some kind of maths exam in the summer. TIPS: Make sure you/parent is aware of what provision is put in place and make sure you get it.

UTAH Utah Valley University Accessibility Services   (Behavioral Science – Psychology) BEST: free learning support, good system to ask for accommodations, good accessibility – audio available in a timely fashion, good test taking accommodations, helpful disability office. There is a good learning strategist on campus who is very helpful and understanding WORST: The testing center is a pain with scheduling. TIPS: Go straight to the accessibility office when you first visit the school and pick up the required paper work. Get your accommodations letters early.

VERMONT
Bennington College Accommodations and Support

Goddard College Access and Disability  (Creative Writing) BEST: free learning support, good system to ask for accommodations, dyslexia-friendly, helpful office, faculty are accessible and supportive.

Landmark College  (Psychology – Alumni 15+ years ago) BEST: Free learning support, good system to ask for accommodations, audio available in a timely fashion, good test-taking accommodations, dyslexia-friendly, helpful office, peer mentors, small classes, faculty are accessible and supportive BEST: No foreign language requirement. Help with organization (master notebook system) WORST: I wasn’t intellectually stimulated.

University of Vermont – Burlington (Environmental Science Conservation Biology) 10/10 STARS BEST: Free learning support, good system to ask for accommodations, good accessability – audio in a timely fashion, good test taking accommodations, dyslexia-friendly environment, helpful disability resource office, small classes, faculty are accessible and supportive. TIPS: WONDERFUL SCHOOL. My dysability advisors were amazing. Whenever there was an issue with a professor my advisors were very very very supportive. I was always instantly repsonded from my emails and they fought for my rights consistently. I succedded because of UVM.

VIRGINIA
James Madison University My athletic advisors steered me through the chaos. Helped organizing classes, early registration, reduced course load, extended time.

WASHINGTON B
Bellevue College – Disability Resource Center I only took a few courses in Running Start. The head of the DRC is blind. The office is very supportive and it’s easy to submit your documentation and get the accommodations you need. I was told 25% of the student body has accommodations of some sort.

Evergreen State College “It’s possible to design an independent study program for all 4 years. I think that means you don’t have to take a foreign language in college, although you should have taken 2 years in high school. There aren’t any general education requirements.”

Marshall University Disability Services BEST: good system to ask for accommodations, good accessibility, audio available in a timely fashion, good test-taking accommodations, dyslexia-friendly, helpful office. “HELP program provides a counselor to assist in choosing classes, tutoring and testing accommodations. There is an additional fee for the program but well worth the money!


WISCONSIN
University of Wisconsin – McBurney Disability Center

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